Wednesday, June 27, 2012

Heat hampers efforts to fight Colorado fires

WOODLAND PARK, Colo. (AP) ? Air Force Academy officials were evacuating roughly one-third of households on the school's grounds Tuesday night as heavy smoke billowed from a wildfire that has burned homes near Colorado Springs.

The school said it was evacuating 693 residents in Pine Valley Housing, but an area of the 28-square-mile campus that houses cadets wasn't immediately evacuated. A new class of cadets is still scheduled to report on Thursday.

Fire officials had issued a pre-evacuation notice for the academy earlier Tuesday.

Fire information officer Greg Heule said earlier Tuesday that the fire was less than five miles from the southwest corner of the academy's campus.

Television images showed homes burning, and the Flying W Ranch southwest of the Air Force Academy said on its website that the ranch had burned to the ground.

Meanwhile, authorities in central Utah found one woman dead Tuesday when they returned to an evacuated area, marking the first casualty in a blaze that consumed at least two dozen homes and appears to be taking a turn for the worst.

Throughout the interior West, firefighters toiled in searing, record-setting heat that refused to relinquish its grip, as they struggled to contain blazes in Colorado, Utah and other Rocky Mountain states Tuesday.

Colorado has endured nearly a week of 100-plus-degree days and low humidity, sapping moisture from timber and grass, creating a devastating formula for volatile wildfires across the state and punishing conditions for firefighters.

"When it's that hot, it just dries the fuels even more. That can make the fuels explosive," said Steve Segin, a fire spokesman for the U.S. Forest Service.

All of Utah and much of Wyoming, Colorado and Montana were under a red flag warning, meaning conditions were hot, dry and ripe for fires.

Tuesday was the fifth consecutive day with temperatures of 100 degrees or higher in Denver, tying a record set in 2005 and 1989. On Monday, Denver set a record with 105 degrees. The previous record for June 25 was 100 degrees in 1991.

Other areas of the state also topped 100 degrees Tuesday, including the northeastern Colorado town of Wray, which hit 108, the National Weather Service said.

What the nation is now seeing is "a super-heated spike on top of a decades long warming trend," said Derek Arndt, head of climate monitoring at the National Climatic Data Center in Asheville, N.C.

The U.S. set 107 new temperature records Monday and in the past week has set 782 of them, which are large numbers but hard to put in context because the data center has only been tracking the number of daily records broken for little more than a year, Arndt said.

But what's truly impressive, Arndt said, is that in the past three days in Colorado and Kansas, nine sites have set records regardless of the date. Usually hottest-ever marks are set in the scorching months of July and August.

The scorching heat doesn't appear to be letting up soon. Segin said such prolonged heat is "extremely taxing" physically on firefighters, who are working long days and carrying heavy gear.

Television video from the 7-square-mile Waldo Canyon fire west of Colorado Springs, Colo., showed smoke and flames close to houses in a forested neighborhood northwest of Colorado Springs.

The fire was 5 percent contained.

Two specially equipped Air Force C-130 cargo planes were helping fight the fire, and a third was expected later in the day.

With the nation's privately owned fleet of heavy air tankers already in use or unavailable, U.S. Forest Chief Tom Tidwell said his agency had to call on the military to help.

Tidwell told The Associated Press in a phone interview Monday that about half of the nation's personnel who are usually assigned to large fires are working in Colorado right now.

"It's just because it's so dry," Tidwell said. "Not unlike New Mexico ? they saw very low snowpack, especially in that lower country. Hot, dry winds with dry fuels, you get the ignition, and this is what we see."

At the 136-square-mile High Park fire in northern Colorado, authorities increased the number of homes destroyed to 257, saying they found nine homes that hadn't been counted earlier. The total was already the highest of any wildfire in state history.

That fire was 55 percent contained.

In Utah, Sanpete County sheriff's officials haven't identified the body found or explained where the remains were found Tuesday morning while assessing damage in the area.

On Tuesday morning, officials announced that the 60-square-mile Wood Hollow Fire was 15 percent contained and lifted some evacuation orders amid predictions they'd contain the blaze even further. But winds fanned the flames again by afternoon, forcing authorities to shut down part of U.S. 89 near Indianola amid fears that the fire would jump the highway.

Evacuations were called for Fairview, a town of about 1,100 residents near the blaze, as the fire grew larger and more erratic.

Elsewhere in the West:

? A fire that charred nearly 70 square miles west of Ruidoso, N.M., was 90 percent contained, with many residents allowed to return home.

? A wildfire north of Helena, Mont., destroyed four homes and forced additional evacuations. Gov. Brian Schweitzer issued a state of emergency for four counties.

? A wildfire in the Bridger-Teton National Forest grew from about 300 acres to 2,000 acres Tuesday, marking the first major wildfire of the season in western Wyoming.

___

Lynn DeBruin reported from Indianola, Utah. Associated Press writers Susan Montoya Bryan in Albuquerque, N.M., and Rema Rahman in Denver; and AP Science Writer Seth Borenstein in Washington contributed to this report.

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Tuesday, June 26, 2012

Life: is it inevitable or just a fluke?

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Why Land Value Taxation Is Superior to Tax Increment Financing (TIF)

PA municipal governments love Tax Increment Financing (TIF), but I think it?s a bad way to go about financing development. Here?s a good treatment of the issue from Rick Rybeck, showing why a land value tax (or value capture) is superior. I really can?t recommend this paper enough. Check out the section comparing what a vacant lot and an improved property near a transit station would pay over 20 years to get a sense of why real estate tax incentives matter to development choices. :

Tax Increment Financing (TIF) has become a relatively well-known technique for financing new infrastructure. It assumes that in the absence of new infrastructure, new private investment in real estate will not occur. Therefore, within a defined area, revenues from one or more taxes are benchmarked. By legislation, any revenues within this area above these benchmarked amounts are diverted from a jurisdiction?s general fund and dedicated to a special fund used to finance new infrastructure.

Based on this questionable assumption about private investment, TIF makes it appear thatthis infrastructure investment has no cost to the public treasury (because supposedly in the absence of the new infrastructure investment, property, sales, and income tax revenues would remain static). Therefore, the investment of public funds can be made without appearing to cut spending on existing programs or raise tax rates. As with the special assessment district, the boundary of the TIF district will be somewhat arbitrary.

Furthermore, because tax increment financing obtains revenues from existing taxes, any negative incentives embedded in the existing tax structure remain. Thus, although TIF can succeed in raising revenues, it lacks the positive incentives associated with the split-rate tax that promote more compact and affordable development.

In general, a split-rate property tax uses market forces better than these other techniques to promote compact and affordable development. Also, it automatically captures land value increases from a wide array of new and improved public facilities and services. From an equity standpoint, owners who receive the greatest benefits would pay proportionately more than those who receive the least. On the other hand, a split-rate property tax typically produces revenues for a jurisdiction?s general fund. Therefore, a split-rate property tax does not provide a dedicated revenue source that can help structure debt financing for transportation projects.

These alternative techniques must be evaluated on a case-by-case basis. In most instances, they are not very sensitive to the fact that properties receive different levels of benefit from infrastructure projects. Finally, they do nothing to diminish the adverse affects of the property tax applied to building values. In cases where a surcharge is applied to the tax on buildings, they exacerbate these adverse effects. Their primary advantage is that they provide a discrete and dedicated source of revenue to finance a project. A jurisdiction might obtain the best of both techniques by creating a special assessment district generates dedicated revenues from a tax on land values alone.

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Sunday, June 24, 2012

Foxconn CEO says iPhone 5 ?will put Samsung Galaxy S III to shame?

This product image provided by Samsung shows the latest phone in the company's Galaxy line. The phone, which has emerged as the biggest competitor to Apple's iPhone, will go on sale in Europe this month and in the U.S. this summer. (AP Photo/Samsung)

Foxconn CEO Terry Gou just can?t help himself: When he sees an opening to stir up controversy, he goes all in.

Last month, Gou added fuel to the Apple TV rumor fire when he said that his company was?making preparations for the iTV. Now, Gou is?urging consumers?to hold off on buying Samsung?s new flagship smartphone. Instead, he says, we should all get an iPhone 5 when it eventually is released.

At a shareholders? meeting Monday, Gou reportedly said that the new model ?will put?Samsung?s Galaxy S III?to shame.?

Full Story:?Foxconn CEO: iPhone 5 ?Will Put Samsung Galaxy S III to Shame?

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The 40th Anniversary of Title IX: The 21st Century Issue of College Coaches' Salaries












Today marks the 40th anniversary of Title IX.? On June 23, 1972, Congress passed the Educational Amendments of 1972.? Included within the Educational Amendments of 1972 was Title IX, which states that, ?No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity.?? Although the text of Title IX itself does not specifically regulate intercollegiate athletics, one of the law?s most lasting effects over the last 40 years is the impact it has had upon intercollegiate athletics.

In the four decades that have passed since Title IX was enacted, much has been written about the positive experiences it has granted female athletes to compete in intercollegiate sports at a more equal level to their male athletes counterparts.? In contrast, much has also been written about how Title IX has removed athletic opportunities for male athletes.? Each of these outcomes of Title IX presents important issues which must continue to be addressed.? However, 40 years after Title IX was enacted, perhaps the most pressing issue that must be addressed under the law, is the difference in pay between coaches of men?s sports and women?s sports.

While the text of Title IX itself does not specifically dictate that coaches of men?s and women?s sports be similarly paid, Title IX?s regulations address the compensation of men?s and women?s sports coaches.? In particular, Title IX?s regulations provide that wages and compensation cannot be distinguished ?. . . on the basis of gender, or result in such distinctions for equal work on jobs which require ?equal skill, effort, and responsibility, and which are performed under similar working conditions.??? Pay discrimination claims under Title IX focus upon the sex of the team coached, and not the sex of the coach.

Huge disparities continue to exist between the amount of money coaches of men?s and women?s sports earn.? Each year, the United States Department of Education?s Office of Postsecondary Education publishes the Equity in Athletics report.? Schools submit data for this report in order to ensure their continued compliance with Title IX.? One component of the report is the salaries of men?s and women?s sports coaches.? The chart below lists the average head coaching salary for men?s and women?s sports at schools making up the six largest NCAA conferences (ACC, Big 12, Big East, Big Ten, Pac-12 and SEC).? The data is from 2010-11, which is the most recent year that the Equity in Athletics report was published.

SCHOOL MEN?S SPORTS WOMEN?S SPORTS
Alabama $1,054,830.00 $149,984.00
Arizona $667,189.00 $132,772.00
Arizona State $542,954.00 $214,546.00
Arkansas $977,831.00 $158,592.00
Auburn $1,118,303.00 $202,342.00
Baylor $828,342.00 $231,083.00
Boston College $249,956.00 $79,871.00
California $380,134.00 $160,000.00
Cincinnati $128,175.00 $85,190.00
Clemson $465,031.00 $130,342.00
Colorado $356,768.00 $119,451.00
Connecticut $600,849.00 $268,596.00
DePaul $586,751.00 $173,189.00
Duke $738,645.00 $150,971.00
Florida $1,546,853.00 $209,501.00
Florida State $731,723.00 $227,848.00
Georgetown $294,161.00 $71,880.00
Georgia $841,657.00 $200,134.00
Georgia Tech $200,335.00 $144,926.00
Illinois $520,421.00 $128,463.00
Indiana $405,149.00 $92,736.00
Iowa $654,573.00 $165,012.00
Iowa State $475,500.00 $164,556.00
Kansas $1,832,594.00 $223,758.00
Kansas State $590,460.00 $152,267.00
Kentucky $861,419.00 $154,915.00
Louisville $778,113.00 $154,254.00
LSU $776,300.00 $211,659.00
Marquette $416,556.00 $153,938.00
Maryland $592,429.00 $157,089.00
Miami $548,240.00 $117,988.00
Michigan $509,903.00 $135,577.00
Michigan State $626,481.00 $115,172.00
Minnesota $597,421.00 $166,597.00
Mississippi State $809,698.00 $117,846.00
Missouri $673,691.00 $119,150.00
Nebraska $567,004.00 $201,318.00
North Carolina $387,102.00 $113,101.00
North Carolina State $215,590.00 $85,770.00
Northwestern $379,545.00 $127,795.00
Notre Dame $237,561.00 $172,895.00
Ohio State $488,098.00 $160,257.00
Oklahoma $1,213,780.00 $239,258.00
Oklahoma State $735,499.00 $189,026.00
Ole Miss $841,650.00 $119,738.00
Oregon $940,559.00 $181,446.00
Oregon State $434,043.00 $110,568.00
Penn State $262,492.00 $167,317.00
Pittsburgh $853,324.00 $137,581.00
Providence $280,812.00 $86,108.00
Purdue $429,070.00 $156,080.00
Rutgers $451,926.00 $155,942.00
St. John?s $364,643.00 $102,699.00
Seton Hall $209,133.00 $96,510.00
South Carolina $213,322.00 $115,254.00
South Florida $422,761.00 $78,275.00
Stanford $305,896.00 $172,641.00
Syracuse $261,016.00 $155,890.00
Tennessee $675,582.00 $328,258.00
Texas $1,380,268.00 $332,368.00
Texas A&M $630,057.00 $248,264.00
Texas Tech $652,374.00 $230,364.00
UCLA $530,985.00 $134,447.00
USC $461,579.00 $137,091.00
Utah $382,758.00 $84,832.00
Vanderbilt $959,572.00 $227,872.00
Villanova $334,610.00 $55,622.00
Virginia $536,013.00 $219,234.00
Virginia Tech $516,141.00 $134,093.00
Wake Forest $574,807.00 $106,915.00
Washington $682,013.00 $211,104.00
Washington State $379,403.00 $116,856.00
West Virginia $514,406.00 $123,092.00
Wisconsin $444,800.00 $123,373.00

Notably, woman?s sports coaches? salaries do not exceed those of men?s sports coaches at any of the schools listed above.? The greatest disparity is found at Kansas, where on average, men?s sports coaches earn eight-times that of women?s sports coaches.? Men?s sports and women?s sports coaches are the most similarly paid at Notre Dame.? Additionally, although only a handful of programs have men?s sports coaches whose salaries average more than $1 million, not one program boasts an average coaching salary for women?s sports coaches over $1 million.

There are definitely reasonable factors that exist which explain the difference in salaries between men?s and women?s sports coaches.? Generally, the only intercollegiate athletics programs which earn a positive revenue are football and men?s basketball.? As such, coaches of these sports are typically compensated higher than their coaching peers.? Additionally, schools have argued that football and men?s basketball coaches face greater public scrutiny and media attention, and as such, should be compensated higher.

However, other than revenue driving, public and media scrutiny, and perhaps some recruiting factors, coaches of men?s and women?s sports generally perform the same functions.? As such, 40 years after Title IX was enacted, the greatest change it can make in the 21st century is to create parity in compensation between men?s and women?s sports coaches.

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California voters narrowly reject new tobacco tax

SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP) ? A California initiative to increase the tax on tobacco to pay for cancer research has failed by less than a percentage point after remaining too close to call for more than two weeks.

With about 5 million ballots cast, opponents of Proposition 29 led by about 28,000 votes. The Associated Press analyzed areas where the roughly 105,000 uncounted votes remain and determined Friday there were not enough places where "yes" was winning to overcome the deficit.

Cyclist Lance Armstrong, a cancer survivor, headed the plan to add $1 to the cigarette tax. Tobacco companies, led by Philip Morris, meanwhile pushed the opposition campaign, pouring millions of dollars into an advertising blitz that whittled away support. Polls showed approval peaked around two-thirds in March but fell dramatically in the weeks before the June 5 balloting.

On Friday, the Prop 29 was failing 50.3 percent to 49.7 percent.

Support for the initiative was strongest in the San Francisco Bay Area, while more conservative places like Southern California's Inland Empire opposed it.

Had the measure passed, Californians would still have paid only the 16th highest tobacco tax in the nation, at $1.87 per pack.

Proponents said they would be back.

"This came so close, I think this is worth another try," said Stan Glantz of the University of California, San Francisco's Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education. "I think it would be horrible if Philip Morris and Reynolds get away with this."

He suggested that cigarette tax supporters might turn to the Legislature, though lawmakers routinely reject attempts to raise tobacco taxes.

The opposition campaign will wait until all the votes have been counted before declaring victory, spokeswoman Beth Miller said.

Opponents of the measure raised $47 million to fight it, a huge sum even by California standards. By comparison, Jerry Brown spent about $36 million in his successful 2010 bid to become governor of California. Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker and his allies spent $47 million to beat back his recall challenge on June 5.

Armstrong and a coalition of anti-smoking groups raised about $12 million to bolster the measure, including $500,000 from New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg.

In a statement Friday, Lance Armstrong Foundation President Doug Ulman framed the issue as one of life and death.

"The defeat of this life-saving initiative is a genuine tragedy," he said. "Big Tobacco lied to voters to protect its profits and spent $50 million to ensure it can continue peddling its deadly products to California kids."

While raising the price of tobacco is a proven way to reduce smoking rates, especially in young people, campaign ads sponsored by tobacco companies focused on pocketbook issues. The ads noted money would be raised in California through the tax but wouldn't necessarily stay in the state for research. The campaign also raised the specter of an out-of-control bureaucracy that would be set up to oversee collection and distribution of the money.

The strategy didn't just stir doubt in the minds of voters.

Several major newspapers, including The Los Angeles Times, opposed the measure while expressing general support for such sin taxes and reluctance to side with tobacco companies. They argued that the revenue should go directly to the state, which now faces a $15.2 billion deficit.

The result was reminiscent a 2006 California cigarette tax measure that led by wide margins in early polling until tobacco companies spent $66 million to defeat it with ads featuring physicians.

It was unclear Friday whether the failure of Prop 29 constituted the narrowest defeat of a statewide ballot measure in California's history. Previously, the closest vote in the past two decades was on school bond measure 1B in 1994, which failed 49.6 percent to 50.4, according to Secretary of State spokeswoman Shannan Velayas. The second closest was another tobacco tax measure, which passed 50.5 percent to 49.5 percent in 1998.

California was once at the forefront of smoking restrictions and taxes, but the famously health-conscious state has not raised tobacco taxes since 1998.

Missouri voters are expected to weigh in on a tobacco tax increase in November and similar taxes are working their way through the legislative process in the Rhode Island, Massachusetts and Illinois.

The overwhelming majority of recent tobacco taxes across the nation have been approved in statehouses, not at the polls.

Associated Press

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Saturday, June 23, 2012

Israel bombs Hamas security targets in Gaza: officials

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